Agizo alilolitoa Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Dkt. John Pombe Magufuli la kutaka fedha zilizochangwa na wadau mbalimbali kwa ajili ya kugharamia hafla ya wabunge zipelekwe Katika hospitali ya Taifa Muhimbili kwa ajili ya kununulia vitanda na magodoro ya wagonjwa wanaolala chini limetekelezwa. Katibu Mkuu Kiongozi Balozi Ombeni Sefue amesema fedha hizo zimefanikisha kupatikana vitanda 300 vya wagonjwa pamoja na magodoro yake, shuka 600, Baiskeli za kubebea wagonjwa na vifaa vingine na kwamba hivyo vyote tayari vimepelekwa katika Hospitali ya Taifa Muhimbili. Balozi Sefue ameuagiza uongozi wa Hospitali hiyo kuhakikisha vitanda vyote vinafungwa  jumapili na kwamba atakwenda kuvikagua siku ya jumatatu vikiwa tayari vinatumiwa na wagonjwa waliokua wanakosa vitanda vya kulalia na kulazimika kulala chini. Wadau mbalimbali walichanga fedha kiasi cha shilingi milioni 225 kwa ajili ya kugharamia hafla ya wabunge baada ya uzinduzi rasmi wa bunge la 11 lakini Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Dkt John Pombe Magufuli aliagiza fedha hizo zitumiwe kwa kiasi kidogo kisichozidi shilingi milioni 15 na nyingine zipelekwe hospitali ya Muhimbili kutatua tatizo la uhaba wa vitanda. Gerson Msigwa Kaimu Mkurugenzi wa Mawasiliano IKULU, Novemba 21, 2015.

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 WAKATI Rais Magufuli akimpa heko Mbunge wa Kigoma Mjini Kupitia chama cha ACT Wazalendo Zitto Zuberi Kabwe kwa kitendo chake cha kutoungana na wabunge wanaowakilisha umoja wa katiba ya wananchi Ukawa kupiga kelele na kutolewa nnje ya Bunge na Spika Job Ndugai,Zitto ameibuka na kuwaunga mkono wabunge hao. Akizungumza nje ya bunge, muda mfupi mara baada ya bunge hilo kuhairishwa na Waziri Mkuu Mhe Kasimu Majaliwa,Zitto alisema kuwa hakuna haja ya kuwajadili wabunge hao kwa kuwa demokrasia inawapa haki ya kufanya hivyo. Zitto ambaye alikuwa akizungumza na Shirika la Habari Tanzania’TBC’ alisema kuwa haoni sababua ya wabunge hao kuitwa wahuni au watoto kama walivyoitwa Bungeni kwa kuwa kufanya hivyo ilikuwa ni sehemu ya kuwasilisha hisia zao kwa walengwa. Alisema kuwa binafsi hana muda wa kulijadili suala hilo kwa kuwa limeshapita na kinachotakiwa kwa sasa ni kufanya kazi iliyowapeleka bungeni.

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Hospitali ya rufaa Mbeya ambayo ipo kwenye mchakato wa kubadilisha jina na kuitwa hospitali ya kanda ya nyanda za juu kusini, inakabiliwa na upungufu mkubwa wa madaktari bingwa hali ambayo inasababisha utoaji wa huduma katika baadhi ya maeneo kufanyika kwa kiwango kisichoridhisha. Kaimu mkurugenzi wa hospitali ya kanda ya nyanda za juu kusini, Dk Thomas Isdory Matiko amesema kuwa idadi ya madaktari bingwa waliopo kwa sasa hosptalini hapo ni asilimia 40 tu ya mahitaji ya hospitali hiyo.   Aidha Dk. Matiko ameyataja baadhi ya maeneo yenye upungufu mkubwa wa madaktari bingwa kuwa kitengo cha mifupa ambacho kwa sasa kina daktari bingwa mmoja tu licha ya kwamba kutokana na ajali za mara kwa mara kitengo hicho kwa sasa kina wagonjwa wengi.   Kwa upande wake katibu wa hospitali hiyo, Myriam Msalale amesema uongozi umechukua hatua kadhaa kukabiliana na tatizo hilo la uhaba wa madaktari bingwa na kwamba hadi sasa kuna mazungumzo yanayofanyika kwa ajili ya kupata madaktari kutoka nchini Misri kuja kusaidia kutoa huduma za matibabu kwa gharama za hospitali hiyo

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Wakati Serikali ikihaha kutafuta fedha kwa ajili ya kuendeshea shughuli zake, wabunge wameingia kwenye mvutano na ofisi ya Bunge kuhusu fedha ambazo  wanastahili kupewa kwa ajili ya kununulia magari yao. Mwaka 2010, wabunge walilipwa Sh90 milioni kwa ajili ya ununuzi wa magari hayo aina ya Toyota Land Cruiser (hardtop), ambayo ni vitendea kazi vyao. Wabunge hutakiwa kulipa nusu ya fedha hizo wkati nyingine ni mchango wa Serikali. Lakini wakati gharama za maisha zikipanda huku thamani ya Shilingi ikiporomoka kulinganisha na Dola ya Marekani na hivyo kusababisha bidhaa kupanda bei, wabunge wamekataa kulipwa kiasi hicho cha fedha mwaka huu na badala yake wanataka walipwe kulingana na bei ya sokoni ya magari aina hiyo. Wabunge wanataka walipwe Sh130 milioni ambazo wanasema ni bei ya magari hayo kwa sasa baada ya kupanda bei. Hata hivyo ombi  hilo  limegonga  mwamba Wakizungumza  kwa sharti la kutotajwa majina, baadhi ya wabunge walisema mara baada ya kujisajili bungeni kwa ajili ya uzinduzi wa Bunge la Kumi na Moja, katibu wa chombo hicho, Dk Thomas Kashililah alifanya kikao na wabunge wote ili kuwapa taratibu lakini pia kuwafahamisha stahili wanazopaswa kupata kama wabunge. “Katibu alitujulisha kuwa hakuna ongezeko lolote la posho, hivyo  tunapaswa kulipwa kiasi kilekile cha Sh300,000 kwa siku .   “Lakini pia alisema tutapewa Sh90 milioni kwa ajili ya mkopo wa gari badala  ya  milioni 120 ,” a lisema mmoja wa wabunge hao. Kwa mujibu wa chanzo hicho, suala hilo liliibua mjadala na kusababisha wabunge kuhoji iweje kiwango hicho kitumike katika Bunge la Kumi na Moja, miaka mitano baada ya wabunge wa Bunge la 10 kupewa kiasi hicho. “Unajua magari tunayotakiwa kununua ni Toyota Land Cruiser Hardtop, na ukweli sasa thamani ya magari hayo imepanda sana huwezi kuifananisha na mwaka 2010 wakati wa Bunge la 10,” alisema mbunge mmoja. Wabunge hao walitaka walipwe kiasi cha Sh130 milioni kwa madai kuwa ndiyo bei ya sokoni ya magari aina hiyo. Mbunge wa viti maalumu (Chadema), Anatropia Theonest amesema hawajakataa fedha hizo, lakini thamani ya Dola imepanda hivyo kusababisha thamani ya magari hayo kupanda pia. “Hakuna asiyejua kwamba thamani ya Dola imepanda na kwa kawaida kila Bunge kunakuwa na ongezeko la Sh30 milioni. Mfano Bunge la Tisa walipewa Sh60milioni la 10 wakapewa Sh90milioni, hivyo ilipaswa sasa iwe Sh 120mililioni ili kuendana na soko,” alisema mbunge huyo. Akizungumzia sakata hilo,naibu katibu wa Bunge, John Joel alisema jukumu la ununuzi wa magari ya wabunge, lipo chini ya Serikali na siyo ofisi yake hivyo ni bora wangeulizwa wenye jukumu hilo. “Tunachofamu sisi mbunge anatakiwa apewe vitendea kazi likiwemo gari, lakini wanaohusika na hilo ni Serikali,” alisema. Alisema ofisi ya Bunge hushauriana na Serikali namna ya kutoa huduma kwa wabunge na kwamba kwa jinsi anavyofahamu, mpaka jana watunga sheria hao walikuwa hawajapewa fedha yoyote ya kununua magari kwa awamu hii, hivyo wanasubiri utaratibu. Wakati Joel akisema Serikali ndiyo inahusika, Katibu Mkuu Kiongozi Balozi Ombeni Sefue aliurudisha mpira kwenye ofisi hiyo ya Bunge, akisema uongozi wa bunge umekwisha pewa maelekezo yote na serikali  juu  ya  ununuzi  wa  magari hayo, hivyo akamtaka mwandishi akawaulize wao ( uongozi wa bunge) Katika kukusanya fedha za kuwezesha kutekeleza mipango ya Serikali na ahadi alizotoa wakati wa kampeni, Rais John Maguguli alitangaza hatua mbalimbali za kudhibiti matumizi, na akawaeleza wabunge mwishoni mwa wiki kuwa hataweza kufanikiwa iwapo hatapata ushirikiano wao. Katika kuonyesha kuwa anatoa kauli thabiti, Dk Magufuli aliagiza fedha ambazo zilichangwa na taasisi mbalimbali za fedha kwa ajili ya hafla za kuwapongeza wabunge, zielekezwe kwenye ununuzi wa vifaa tiba kwenye Hospitali ya Taifa ya Muhimbili. Tayari Rais ameshafuta safari za nje isipokuwa kwa kibali cha Ikulu baada ya mtu anayetaka kusafiri kutimiza masharti kadhaa, likiwamo linalomtaka aeleze faida ya safari yake na kama iwapo hatasafiri, nchi itaathirika vipi.

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WATU wawili wamefariki dunia katika matukio mawili tofauti mkoani Morogoro, mmoja wao kutokana na kuchomwa na kisu sehemu zake za siri alipokuwa akiamuliwa ugomvi wa kimapenzi katika Kata ya Dumila, wilayani Kilosa. Akizungumzia aliyechomwa kisu, Kamanda wa Polisi wa mkoa wa Morogoro, Leonard Paulo, alisema tukio hilo ni la Novemba 21, mwaka huu saa 6 usiku katika kata hiyo iliyoko Tarafa ya Magole . Alimtaja aliyeuawa ni Simon Paulo (19) mkazi wa eneo hilo na anayedaiwa kufanya mauaji hayo ni Frank Ziko (28) mkazi wa Kimamba, wilayani Kilosa. Kamanda alisema, chanzo cha tukio hilo, ilisemekana ni wivu wa mapenzi kati ya mtuhumiwa huyo na mpenzi wake. Wakati Paulo (marehemu) akienda kuachanisha ugomvi huo, alichomwa kisu sehemu zake za siri na kusababisha kutokwa na damu nyingi na hatimaye kupoteza maisha. Bila kumtaja mwanamke aliyekuwa na mtuhumiwa hiyo, Kamanda alisema mtuhumiwa amekamatwa na anaendelea kuhojiwa na upelelezi ukikamilika atafikishwa mahakamani. Wakati huo huo, Kamanda alisema tukio lingine la mauaji ni la Novemba 20, saa 3 asubuhi katika shamba la Stigmatine lililopo katika Kijiji cha Doronge , Kata ya Kisanga, Tarafa ya Mikumi, wilayani Kilosa. Alimtaja aliyeuawa ni Laurent Mugale (52) aliyepigwa risasi moja shingoni upande wa kushoto. Kamanda alisema chanzo cha mauaji hayo ni mgogoro wa ardhi kati ya wanakijiji wa Doronge na Shirika la Stigmatine la Kanisa Katoliki . Alisema trekta lenye namba za usajili T 150 DFN aina ya Massey Ferguson liliingizwa kulima eneo hilo na ndipo wananchi akiwemo aliyeuawa, wakilizuia lisilime hivyo kusababisha vurugu hali iliyosababisha mlinzi, Revocatus Anania (30) mkazi wa Dorogwe kufyatua risasi na kusababisha kifo. Naye alijeruhiwa kwa panga katika bega lake la kushoto. Alikamatwa sambamba na walinzi wenzake watano kutoka Kampuni ya Bobbon na uchunguzi zaidi unaendelea.

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Introduction The growth of residential and manufacturing industries means more energy demand. At present, almost all aspects of our lives, directly or indirectly depend on electricity. Unfortunately, power generation and transmission systems do not come up as fast. This is due to the high installation costs, as well as the growing environmental concerns. The ideal option now is to make the existing systems more efficient and economical to use. One of the easiest ways is secondary installation of equipment primarily geared to achieve the two elements. One of the most effective additions is the Static Var Compensators. SVCs provide fast acting reactive power as needed to a system. This article highlights the benefits accorded by the SVC. Fig 1:Complete SVC System Installation Power Transmission Benefits Voltage instability plagues weak systems. A fault in the grid results to hazardous voltage depressions. Induction motors and generators are in widespread use in power transmission companies, as well as industries. The voltage depressions tend to stress the grid system, especially in industrial districts. This often results to equipment damage and frequent power disruption. The SVC unit serves to absorb the temporary overvoltage that mark weak systems, thus ensure voltage control. This is especially important for systems that require a balanced voltage supply, such as high-speed trains. One of the banes associated with heavy power flow is the drop in system voltage. This often requires that the transmission company supply more power over the existing lines to meet the demand. A rightly placed SVC unit boosts transmission capacity. The primary benefit of such a measure is that it allows for easy upgrading of existing lines. For example, a boost in power generation is easily accommodated over the existing lines through installation of SVCs. Power Oscillation Damping Power oscillations are a phenomenon that occurs where there is interconnection of heavy equipment such as rotating power generators in a weak system. The primary detriment of power oscillations is the reduction of the power transmission capability. The ideal solution is to damp, or alleviate altogether these oscillations to increase the transmission capabilities in the existing line. A SVC compensators offers dynamic control over the system by maintaining the upward voltage during the upwards power portions, as well as accelerating the rotating machine during the downward rotation by decreasing system voltage at the SVC. For the distribution, the benefits are as follows: Stabilized voltage, especially for long lines means better power delivery to the consumers. A stable voltage is especially important for large industries with a large number of inductive and capacitive equipment. In the same vein, stabilised loads means reduced losses, as well as reduced stresses on any rotating machinery such as generators and motors. SVCs significantly reduce the amount of reactive power in the system. This leads to lower power losses. In the distribution, it can also mean lower tariffs for the consumers as the savings are transferred to the consumers. Fig.2. Static VAR Compensator Conclusion It is evident that SVCs are important when it comes to power transmission and distribution, especially for existing lines. There are two main types of SVCs’ direct and relocatable systems. The former is usually permanent, and is placed usually at the area with the highest voltage drop or oscillations. It does not require a step down transformer between the SVC unit and the power system. The primary benefits of a directly connected system are the simplified design, saving on hardware and transport cost and easy expandability. A relocatable SVC on the other hand features a mobile design with all the required components onboard. It allows for flexibility and mobile voltage support for areas with the highest need. The primary benefit is the ease of erection, connection, and easy equipment testing before delivery. 

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The primary function, or purpose of a mobile substation is to provide temporary restoration to power supply through circumventing faulty or damaged low and medium voltage substation systems(up to 245kv) and equipment. Harsh weather conditions and natural disasters are usually the main cause of damage to substations. The MS allows for the procurement of the required repair equipment, grid component, as well as reduced disruption to power supply. Features A mobile substation usually consists of a emergency/station power supply, switchgear, auxiliary service ac/dc high power density transformer and an enhanced cooling and monitoring system, all mounted on a reinforced trailer bed. Additional equipment includes mechanical lifts for levelling at the site. Because the MS is on a trailer, there are primary features to minimize the weight and size. They include the following: Rotating transformer: this allows for easy placement under power line bushing without having to move the truck. Rotating circuit breakers Sidewall mounted bushings Rack out circuit breakers Light weight parts such as cabinets, tanks and cooling systems i.e. aluminium Use of high technology equipment such as telescopic parts, as well as standardization Factory testing for quick installation Other features include: Dimensions to fit the state and federal regulations: In this regard, compactness is the primary consideration. The width of the trailer poses the greatest challenge due to the conflict between transport regulations and specifications, manoeuvrability, and electrical standards such as the minimum air clearance between live and earthed parts. This problem is usually overcome by using rack-out configurations for the equipment support. Modern substation technology such as GIS allow for compact systems, thereby eliminating the problem. Lastly, the container configuration allows for easy integration of a monitoring section, with a cut off local office for personnel. Safety and environmental considerations: Do note that in some instances, the mobile substation is placed in public areas. The easiest way to achieve safety is minimum permitted electrical clearances and standardization to enable equipment interlocking. Reduced set-up time for effective attendance to emergency situations Ease of assembly and portability Applications The principal application of mobile substations is grid power restoration for critical infrastructure and facilities such as the communication industry, medical institutions, and re-establishing grid power to vital areas such as first responders and terrorism response units. The primary users of MS are power supply companies, both for outage repairs and planned maintenance, or temporary power demand increases. Mobile substations are also in use during peak capacity increases. The system is put into use if a particular substation faces an increase in load that is not expected to last more than a few months. Such situation includes local construction projects and plant modifications where the demand will decrease once the project is completed. Rather than perform a permanent upgrade, the MS provides the required power for the duration. MS are used to provide temporary power supply during unplanned repairs. This is most applicable in rural areas where the terrain does not allow for the redundancy of parallel circuits. Equipment failure at the substation can lead to supply problems, further leading to detrimental social and economic impacts. Another primary application of MS is military bases, especially in cases involving deliberate attacks and sabotage. In instances of war and terrorism, it is important to ensure uninterrupted power supply so for effective response. This is more so when the back-up sources of power such as generators have been compromised through sabotage and attacks. Considering the fact that most substations are unmanned and remote, they are often the target of sabotage. In such instances, the mobile substations can provide power and mitigate prolonged disruptions. As highlighted, mobile substations do provide immense benefits for the power supply and distribution companies. In most cases, the mobile substation is open for easy maintenance, as well as additional air insulation benefits. However, harsh environmental and weather conditions such as saline conditions, snowy areas, as well as unfavourable atmospheric situations do compromise equipment performance. In such areas, containerized substations, similar to indoor GIS substations are used. The metal enclosure allows for easy transport, for example, to offshore locations where transport by sea in necessary. Another benefit of containerised systems is the use in areas where there are variations on ground level. 

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Introduction Most of the complaints that get registered about the damage of electrical equipment state that, “the equipment failed after power interruption.” But what might have caused these power interruptions? Lightening? Voltage swells? Or switching transients? Sometimes the reasons behind power interruptions are quite obvious and sometimes, they are not. There are many known and unknown reasons that lead to equipment failure following power interruptions. Following reasons occupy top 10 positions in such list: 1. Poor Surge Arresters Most common reason for electrical equipment to fail during voltage spikes is failure of surge arresters. This has become common with large systems such as electrical transmission lines to small equipment, such as computers. Placing surge arresters at important places such as service entrance, as well as at every sensitive load, can minimize overvoltage problems. 2. Lightening Most of the electrical equipment, irrespective of its size, is prone to fail when a lightning strikes. The high voltages induced into the equipment’s primary, during these strikes, can cause extensive damages to the equipment. 3. Grounding As we have read in the previous articles, grounding is one of the most important things to consider if one wants to protect their electrical equipment. Poor grounding or using an inappropriate grounding technique can induce overvoltage into the equipment (generally produced due to fault currents), and instead of redirecting it into the ground, poor grounding allows it to enter into the equipment causing it to fail. 4. Capacitive Coupling Certain reclose methods and switching transients are capable of inducing high voltage on the primary winding, allowing it to couple capacitively through the transformer. This in turn can produce a short pulse on the secondary winding, which might lead to a winding damage and causing equipment to fail. 5. Inrush Current In rush current is generally produced in the equipments after power interruptions. This occurs when the system is trying to recover from the voltage sag and a sudden hike in voltage occurs. The inrush current produced at such times is capable of blowing fuses away and sometimes can also damage sensitive semi-conductors in electronic devices. 6. Unbalanced Sags When a single-phase sag occurs in an electrical equipment that runs on a three-phase system, such as variable-speed drives, the equipment is prone to attract more voltage than what is generally required (while operating normally). This can eventually blow-up the fuses and can also end-up damaging expensive front-end electronics.   7. Equipment Wear and Tear Aging is another important reason that can cause the equipment to fail after power interruptions. The sudden increase in the voltage following an interruption can burn important and aged components of the equipment. Aged components cannot withstand even a small spike in the voltage, eventually failing, and resulting in the equipment failure. 8. Contact With Higher Voltage Lines Overvoltage can be inducted into the primary and the secondary windings of electrical equipment, when the primary, or the secondary, or both, come into contact with high voltage lines. This inducted overvoltage can extensively damage rotating parts of electrical equipment. 9. Voltage Swells Voltage swells normally occur after a fault current is induced in the system due to power interruptions that are generally caused by lightning strikes or poor grounding arrangements. Voltage swells are generally not very severe but are still capable of damaging sensitive electronic components in the electrical equipment. 10. Ferro Resonance This is the least electrical equipment damaging factor and is produced due to switching transients. But, at its peak, it can still damage the most sensitive electronic components of the equipment. Hence, in order to avoid damages to electrical equipment due to overvoltage, following proper grounding techniques and installing surge arresters, that have best energy absorbing capabilities at appropriate places, is very important. 

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Grounding Grounding, also referred to as earth or zero potential, is a procedure which involves grounding a conductor into the earth (zero potential) from the mains supply, to allow surplus electricity to flow into it during sudden voltage spikes. Types of power sources Depending on the voltage transients, operating loads and type of load in operation, each electrical system may require different grounding techniques. Types of Sources Grounding Technique Utility Service Depends on the configuration of the secondary wiring of the substation transformer Generator Depends on the configuration of the stator winding Transformer Depends on the configuration of the secondary winding Static Power Converter Depends on the configuration of the secondary winding Large scale electrical systems operating in industries fall into the above mentioned four categories. Now, let us have a look at the most prominent grounding systems in place for industrial sector: 1. Grounded This procedure involves normal grounding from the mains to the earth using effective conductor, in this case a normal copper wire would serve the purpose. This type of grounding system works fine with electrical equipment working on normal loads and under general operating conditions, i.e., located in plain areas, i.e., not on hills where electrical equipment is susceptible to lightening strikes. 2.Effectively Grounded This type of grounding system requires ground connections that have satisfactory low impedance levels. Suitable for loads operating on approximately 120V -240V. Care should be taken to see that the current carrying capacity of an earth wire is sufficient to carry this type of load to prevent any electrical hazards. 3. Grounded Conductor This procedure involves grounding a ground bus bar with the help of grounding electrode conductor as shown in the figure. This earth type is suitable for both electrical systems and electrical circuits operating at medium loads. 4. Solidly Grounded Here, the grounding procedure is same as above with only exception that there is no resistance inserted to the ground. Also, impedance device is not present. This is because; the grounding connection in this type of grounding system is solid and deeply placed into the earth at a place where ground’s resistivity to conduct electricity is minimum. 5. Grounding Conductor In this case both the electrical equipment and the grounding circuit are grounded using conductors. This type of grounding is needed when there is high risk of varying potential differences in the operating electrical circuit. 6. Equipment Grounding Conductor This type of grounding technique involves the usage of grounding electrodes that are connected to the non-current carrying terminals (metals) of the electrical system, raceways and other metallic parts of the equipment for efficient flow of voltage transients through electrodes for effective protection. This technique is often implemented for grounding expensive electrical equipment and separately derived electrical systems. 7. Effective Ground Fault Current Path In order to implement this kind of grounding system, one has to construct an electrically permanent conductive path that has low impedance levels that is capable of carrying current should a ground fault occur. This path carries current from the point where ground fault occurred to the source of electrical supply, preventing any damages to the equipment and the personnel working on it. 8. Grounding Electrode Conductor In this method, electrode conductors are connected to the grounding electrode of the equipment, and in turn are again connected to the grounding system of the entire electrical system. This is to ensure that if one grounding system fails, the other will substitute it. Also, this will help high voltage differences in the circuit to traverse faster than a single electrode system. Generally, this technique is used to ground electrical systems operating on loads higher loads that are susceptible to a greater voltage spikes. 9. Ground Fault Protection of Equipment This grounding system is intended to provide safety for electrical equipment from highly damaging “line to ground fault currents.” This system operates by opening all the ungrounded conductors of the equipment in a circuit that is running the fault currents. 10. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter This is a special device intentionally constructed to ground electrical systems operating at critical loads. Its main purpose is to safeguard the staff working in the premises of the electrical system, from unwanted mishaps, such as electrical shocks. Though this is an expensive way of grounding an electrical system, it is imperative that industries use this kind of grounding at critical electrical junctions where presence of personnel is required regularly. Ground fault circuit interrupter de-energizes necessary circuits or, certain portions of it, for a pre-determined time period, as and when transient voltage passing into the ground through a grounded electrode exceeds a Class A device’s value for safe operation, thus keeping the people surrounding the system safe from electrical shocks. Conclusion In conclusion, grounding electrical systems properly, taking the vulnerability of the equipment into consideration prevents any significant damages to the electrical equipment, or the people operating on it. This procedure needs to be undertaken during the initial stages of an electrical system installation itself, if one wants to keep the damages done to people as well as the equipment, at a minimum. 

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Introduction SCADA? SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) is a system that is being used in different manufacturing processes. In energetics, SCADA systems are used in substations, hydropower plants, thermal power plants, photovoltaic power plants, wind power plants etc. Thus the dispatchers can monitor the different parameters in real time (load, voltage, if a failure become etc.). They also can make different switching operations from a distance. The SCADA systems are quite diverse, but also they have much in common. The exact definition of the concepts is quite difficult because many companies from different countries were developing these systems. But like in any other industry there are commonalities and a strong drive to unification, standardization and globalization which led to much in common both in hardware and software levels. The SCADA systems may contain one or more levels. For example, a system with three levels contain at its first level, devices for connection to the sensors and the executing mechanisms. At the second level are the communication computers which may have some processing and control functions. At the third level are the operator’s workstations. These workstations are also the HMI (human machine interface). Such a system you can see at the following picture: As you can see this is one very complex system. The three levels are as follows: At the bottom of the picture you can see different types of sensors, controllers, modems etc. which are installed at the substation. Then you can see the communication level. It can be either through direct connection of serial input/output channels or remotely through Ethernet. The serial interfaces that are supported include RS 232 and RS 485 using wire or fiber connections. The maintenance of the local area network (LAN) or the global network (WAN) is provided in the standard stack of TCP/IP. At the top you can see the operator’s workstations or HMI. All the data from the substation is stored there. From there, the operator can adjust the different defenses and controllers, can make different switching operations etc. At the picture above you can see how the dispatches see a substation on their screen. As you can see it is very easy from here to monitor the whole substation and with just one click to make switching operations. Every company that is building SCADA systems has different visualization but the concept is the same. On this screen can be visualized also: Operating with mnemonic diagrams. Upon opening the desired mnemonic diagram, the operator has access to the following commands: remote control, issuing commands to the selected logic controllers, changing the parameters of the logic controllers, setting the time etc. On the mnemonic diagram is visualized the online status of all technological equipment and processes, the values of voltage, active and reactive power, current, the status of the controller in LAN etc. Alarm pop-up window in which are written the events that came from the devices (activation of defenses, automation, crossing the limits of the monitored variables etc.) and a description of all major actions of the operator. Displays additional information about the selected object. Importing of a new configuration (adding new users in the system, changing the existing mnemonic diagrams, adding new diagrams etc.) Preparing reports – you can receive a data for a given time period. Functions can be added or removed according to the user needs. xx In a conclusion we can say that SCADA systems are widely used in the modern power systems and they will continue to improve and integrate worldwide. They have many advantages such as real time fault alarms, real time monitoring of all parameters, gathering the data from given substation for further analysis, remote switching operations without risk for the operating personnel, reduce overall costs etc.  

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Different countries, regions, and power utility companies use different variables for billing and tariff structures. The primary objective of this article, thus, is not to focus on particular tariffs, rather, the basic elements that permeate across all the regions. In short, I seek to highlight the two fundamental ways to reduce peak power demand and power losses in the generation and transmission. Power Peak Demand Reduction To get the most out of the generation and transmission company, the primary objective is to reduce power peak demand while seeking higher demand during the low load periods. Most power utility companies offer reduced tariffs at specified times of the day and year. Do note that the higher the peak demand, the higher the bill amount. For large industries operating on LV and MV, there may be as many as four different rates used for calculation in the course of the day. The primary objective of the attending engineer is to get the maximum load, or shift the loads to maximize on the lowest rates. Losses Reduction In most of the regions, the tariff structures are based on kVA demand, as well as the kWh units. With this in mind, the primary objective is to improve the load power factor, since the lowest billing occurs close to unity power factor. In most regions, the total bill on LV systems is a total of maximum kVA demand over specified periods, in most cases 10 to 60 minute periods. The highest average is used for the calculation. Metering Meters are high precision electro-mechanical and electronic equipment. For LV systems, the installed meter measures the highest average KVA demand during the billing interval as well as the maximum level of active power usage (kW). Each region has a set demand charge per KVA. The bill thus takes the following form. Demand Charge=Demand Charge/kVA x Peak Demand (KVA) Do note that if the Peak Demand value is higher than the contracted amount, and then there is penalty. How Reactive Power Applies in Metering All meters record reactive power, including residential consumers. Reactive power is ignored for residential consumers. The charge on reactive power only applies for the industrial consumers, due to the large number of equipment such as motors that require reactive power to operate. In such cases, the reactive power is measured separately from the general units. It is important to note that the charge on the reactive power takes effect only if the amount is more than a third of the active power. Do note that this charge comes about because, the higher the reactive power, the more the current required to attain the standard power input. In some regions, some power distribution companies just estimate the reactive power amount based on an assumed power factor. This is especially so for the old meter configurations. The ideal solution is to arrange for a meter replacement or meter reprogramming for figures that are more accurate. However, if you suspect that the bill amount based on the estimation is far less that you think you should pay, I see no need to pursue corrective measures. 

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One of the important things in the design of an electrical installation either on middle or low voltage is to choose the right conductor for the given consumers. Therefore, in this article I will examine how to calculate the load and what type of conductor you can use in the different situations. To figure out the load we need to calculate the current that flows through the conductor. We can calculate it very easily via the well-known formula: P=U*I*cosϕ , where: P – power U – voltage of the network I – current cosϕ – power factor Let us assume that cosϕ=1 , in that way the formula will become P=U*I , and from here we can deduce the formula for the current For single-phase electrical installations on low voltage the formula is: For example if we have consumer with power 1,45кW and 240V the current that will flow will be: There is also an easier way to calculate the amps and it is when you make a constant. For 240V the constant will be 1000W/240V=4,17 . Once you have that constant, just multiply the power of the consumer by this constant and you will get the amps. I=1,45*4,17=6,05A For three-phase electrical installations on low and middle voltage the formula is: with the same power 1,45kW and 400V the current will be: Here the constant that you have to multiply is: 1000/(400*√3)=1,45 . Or the formula for the current flow will be: I=1,45*1,45=2,1A This is the way by which the loads have to be calculated in an electrical installation and according to them you have to choose the right conductor. The conductors are mainly copper and aluminum. They also divide to a voltage level, protection level and the lying site conductors. Different types of conductors for low voltage Power cable, Cu-conductor, PVC-insulation, PVC-sheathing for distribution and transmission of electric power at construction of distribution grids and installations with nominal voltage 1kV and frequency 50 Hz. Suitable for fixed outdoor laying or indoors, in cable ducts, tunnels, draw-in pits and ditches. Power cable, Cu-conductor, PVC-insulation, armoured with steel tapes, PVC-sheathing for fixed laying in grids and installations, designed for transmission and distribution of electric power at nominal voltage 1kV and frequency 50 Hz. Power cable, Al-conductor, PVC-insulation, PVC-sheathing for distribution and transmission of electric power at construction of distribution grids and installations with nominal voltage 1kV and frequency 50 Hz. Suitable for fixed outdoor laying or indoors, in cable ducts, tunnels, draw-in pits and ditches. Flat installation conductor, Cu-wires, PVC-insulation, PVC-sheath for fixed installation in lighting networks and electric power installations. Conductor with flexible Cu-wires, PVC insulation and sheath for connection of electrical appliances to the electrical grid, connection of mobile users, devices and appliances. Different types of conductors for middle voltage Power cable, Cu-conductor, XLPE-insulation, PVC-sheath for fixed laying in grids and installations, designed for transmission and distribution of electric power at nominal voltages 6,10,20,30,35kV, and frequency 50 Hz. Suitable for fixed indoor installation, in cable ducts, tunnels and draw-in-pits, on cable trays and racks, directly underground and outdoors under shelters. Power cable, Al-conductor, PVC-insulation, armoring, PVC-sheath for fixed installation in grids and installations, designed for transmission and distribution of electric power at nominal voltage 6kV and frequency 50 Hz. Power cable, Cu-conductor with XLPE insulation and longitudinally water-tight conductive wrapping in the screen zone, for construction of urban and local supply networks, for connection of transformer substations in industrial facilities and projects. Designed for transmission and distribution of electric power at nominal voltages 6, 10,20,30kV. Besides these conductors there are many other types and this is why after you calculate the loads, before you buy the conductor, ask the consultants in the store which one is the best choice for you. The copper conductor is always better than the aluminum one because of its better properties but it is more expensive too. When you are installing aluminum conductors beware for two things: Cut the conductor with a hand tool because if you cut it with a grinder for example, the conductor may smear and you will not be able to put a cable lug. Do not twist the conductor too much because it can break easily. If the load is too big for one conductor, you can connect two conductors in parallel and thus the load will be distributed between them. In a conclusion we can say that it is very important to calculate the load and to choose the right conductor for an electrical installation because if you install an inappropriate conductor may became a fire. 

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Other than the core electrically conducting material, cable construction consists of non-conducting materials for functionality and aesthetics. Insulators separate conductors to prevent short-circuits, as well as offer safeguard individuals. For this reason, the material must be able to contain the current within the required region. The common materials used include paper, rubber, and elastomers. Their individual properties are highlighted below. Paper Insulation This is the oldest form of cable insulation, and is still in use for medium voltage systems. The setting includes a tight wrapping of insulating fluid-impregnated paper, followed by a thin lead sheath to provide moisture resistance. Benefits include low dielectric losses, resistance to detriments associated with DC testing, and a verifiable history of reliability. However, the dielectric features moisture degradation, difficulty in repair, high cost, and high weight due to a large volume of paper required. Rubber Rubber was one of the most used non-conducting materials traditionally in electricity. It occurs in two forms, natural and synthetic rubber. Natural rubber, sourced from the Hevea brasiliensis tree, is of minimal use in its natural form. Vulcanization and curing include additives such as sulfur, carbon black, and others under heat and pressure. Sulfur adds tensile strength, while carbon filler reduces dielectric strength, resulting to an effective insulator. Synthetic rubber, on the other hand, involves combination of carbon, hydrogen and other molecules for a material that is similar to natural rubber. The nature and combination of additions determines basic characteristics, applications and temperature range. Elastomers An ‘elastomer’ is the most appropriate term for rubber, given the composition and elastic property. However, a number on non rubber-based elastomers exhibit similar properties and include thermo-plastics and thermosets. Commonly referred to as plastics, the two are in widespread use in electrical cables and components due to the ease of manufacture and impressive insulation properties. The primary feature of plastics is that they are synthetically manufactured from derivatives of natural compounds such as crude oil, hydrocarbons, and natural gas. Thermoplastic retain their flexibility, as well as chemical composition with an instant application and removal of heat. The material, however, melts under extended and steady heat application. For this purpose, other materials are added to improve the insulation properties including high dielectric strength, insulation resistivity, high melting temperature and low dielectric loss, amongst others. The most common thermoplastic for cable insulation is PVC due to relatively low cost, durability, and accessibility. However, under extended heat application, byproducts such as chlorine lead to toxic fumes, which can be dangerous in confined places such as shafts and tunnels. Other thermoplastics in use include polyethylene (PE), which features lower dielectric losses than PVC, and voltage stress in the presence of moisture. However, PE tends to be hard and stiff, therefore is not appropriate for winding installations. Thermosets are different from thermoplastics in that heat application and removal leads to irreversible changes. The common types used in cables include cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and ethylene propylene (EPR). Due to the property highlighted (irreversible change after heat application and removal), thermosets are used for sheet insulation, cable-jointing compounds, and post insulators. The importance of insulation in electrical cables cannot be overemphasized. Conductor integrity, safety, as well as effectiveness depend on the nature of the chosen material. Do note that there are further variants of the above materials for varied and specialized uses. However, to achieve the required features, ensure that you select the right material for the application.

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JESHI la Polisi nchini limekemea tabia inayoendelea kujengeka miongoni mwa baadhi ya wananchi ya kutoheshimu sheria na kujichukulia sheria mikononi kwa kuwapiga, kuwadhalilisha watuhumiwa, kuwachoma na kuwaua. Aidha imetangaza zawadi kwa mwananchi yeyote atakayerekodi tukio la aina hiyo na kulifikisha kwao.    Imeelezwa kuwa kuanzia Januari hadi Oktoba mwaka huu, watuhumiwa 829 wameuawa na wananchi. Polisi imewaomba wananchi kutoa ushirikiano wa kutosha kukomesha tabia hiyo na kuahidi kuwa mwananchi yeyote atakayerekodi tukio la watu wanaojichukulia sheria mkononi na kulifikisha polisi kwa siri atapewa zawadi. Akizungumza na waandishi wa habari jana Dar es Salaam, Msemaji wa jeshi hilo, Advera Bulimba alisema idadi ya watu hao waliokufa imeongezeka ikilinganishwa na watuhumiwa 785 waliouawa kwa sababu kama hizo kwa kipindi kama hicho mwaka 2014. “Katika siku za hivi karibuni, kumeibuka tabia hiyo ya wananchi kujichukulia sheria mkononi na kuwafanyia vitendo vya kikatili ikiwemo kuwadhalilisha kwa kuwavua nguo watuhumiwa wanaoshukiwa kujihusisha na vitendo vya kihalifu bila kuwafikisha kwenye vyombo vya dola jambo ambalo ni kinyume cha sheria, kanuni na taratibu za nchi,” alifafanua msemaji wa Polisi. Alisema takwimu zinaonesha wazi kwamba tabia hiyo inaendelea kujengeka na kuonekana kwamba ni jambo la kawaida, lakini ni ukiukwaji mkubwa wa taratibu na sheria za nchi. Bulimba alisema makamanda wote wa polisi nchini wameagizwa kufanya ukamataji wa watu wote wanaojihusisha na vitendo vya kihalifu kwa kisingizio cha hasira kali na kuwafikisha mahakamani kwa sababu watu hao kwa mujibu wa sheria, tayari wanakuwa wametenda kosa la jinai.

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Katibu mkuu kiongozi Ombeni Sefue jana alifanya ziara katika hospitali ya Taifa ya Muhimbili ikiwa ni muendelezo baada ya Rais Dk. MAGUFULI kufanya ziara ya kushtukiza. Baada ya kutembelea maeneo mbalimbali ikiwa ni pamoja na kukagua vitanda vilivyonunuliwa baada ya agizo lake, Sefue alitoa maamuzi yaliyofikiwa…   Majibu kutoka Ikulu kuhusu mashine za CT Scan na MRI “ Nimekagua mashine hizi za kukagua magonjwa MRI na CT Scan, chanzo cha kuharibika tena ni kukaa muda mrefu bila kutumika,sasa hivi spea zote zimefika, kazi ya kutengeneza inaendelea, MRI nimehakikishiwa ndani ya siku tatu itakuwa inafanya kazi, kuhusu CT Scan nimeambia kesho(leo) inaweza kuanza kufanya kazi”..   “Lazima mafundi kutoka Philips  wakae muda wa wiki moja baada ya kutengenezwa kujiridhisha zimekamilika..bado tuna mpango wa kuongeza mashine hizi ili angalau tume na mbili mbili..,kuhusu madeni ya mshine hizo..   “Ni kweli kulikuwa na madeni lakini tumeanza kuyalipa kwa sasa suala hilo halipo tena, tulikuwa tunadaiwa na Philips bilioni 7 na Serikali tayari ililipa bilioni 3 nyingine zinapaswa kulipwa na waliokuwa wakipata huduma ya mashine hizo “… Ombeni Sefue. Maduka ya Bohari ya dawa MSD kujengwa ndani ya hospitali kubwa ..“ Tuna tatizo la kibajeti, tunahitaji bajeti ya kama bilioni 248, bajeti unakuta inafikia kama bilioni 70, hili inabidi tushughulike nazo hasa katika hospitali kubwa pamoja na zile za rufaa, MSD wanapaswa kufungua maduka yao ndani ya hospitali..na lazima kuwa na dawa zote, hospitali ya Muhimbili duka la madawa litafunguliwa rasmi Jumatatu” . . Ombeni Sefue.   Ishu ya wizi wa dawa za Serikali pia imesikika. .. “Tutumie mifumo ya TEHAMA kuhakikisha hakuna dawa ya Serikali inaibiwa, pia tujue kwamba kila dawa inatumiwaje na daktari, ufumbuzi wa matatizo haya upo, kwa wale wa maduka ya dawa binafasi ambao wanajijua wanatumia dawa za serikali michezo hiyo, basi, dawa zetu tutakuwa tunaziwekea nembo, ukigundulika ujue mwisho wako basi, mnapaswa kutambua dawa hizi zinanunuliwa na kodi ya wananchi hivyo tutadhibiti tabia hi i” .. .Ombeni Sefue.   Huduma mbaya kwa wagonjwa  “Tutoe huduma nzuri kwa wananchi, tuwahudumie kwa upendo na wakati,  kuanzia sasa kila mtumishi wa umma lazima avae jina lake ili anayemuhdumia ajue anahudumiwa na nani, nitaanza na mimi..ili ikitokea malalamiko ajue anaanzia wapi, na lazima kila ofisi iwe na dawati la msaada ili kila mwananchi aweze kupiga simu na kuweza kutatuliwa tatizo lake” … Ombeni Sefue.   Kuhusu safari za nje kwa viongozi. .. “Tumetumia fedha nyingi sana kwenda nje, nyingine za lazima na nyingine sio za lazima, mfano mafunzo sasa ni mwisho, tunavyo vyuo vingi vyenye uwezo wa kutoa mafunzo badala ya kwenda nje ama ni rahisi kuleta mtaalam hapa kuliko kupeleka watu 10 kwenda kwenye mafunzo..   “Sasa hivi itakua mbinde mtu kuweza kusafiri..si kwamba hatutahudhuria mikutano lakini Rais amesema mabalozi wetu watatumika pale inapobidi” … Ombeni Sefue. Katibu Mkuu Kiongozi, Balozi Ombeni Y. Sefue (kulia), akisikiliza maelezo kutoka kwa mtaalam wa Mashine ya CT-Scan katika hospitali hiyo. 23 Novemba, 2015 Katibu Mkuu Kiongozi, Balozi Ombeni Y. Sefue (mwenye suti ya kijivu), akimsikiliza mmoja wa Wagonjwa aliyelazwa katika Taasisi ya Tiba ya Mifupa (MOI), ambayo ilipata vifaa mbalimbali kutokana na agizo la Mhe. Rais la kuboresha huduma katika Taasisi hiyo. 23 Novemba, 2015 Pichani; Mashine ya Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) iliyopo katika Hospitali ya Taifa ya Muhimbili ambayo inafanyiwa matengenezo. 23 Novemba, 2015   Katibu Mkuu Kiongozi, Balozi Ombeni Y. Sefue (wa tatu kulia), akitoa maelezo kuhusiana na ziara yake hiyo kwenye mkutano wake na waandishi wa habari. 23 Novemba, 2015

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Mgombea urais kwa tiketi ya CHADEMA Edward Lowassa Jana alitoa shilingi milioni mbili kwa wahanga waliookolewa katika mgodi wa Nyangalata wanaopatiwa matibabu katika hospitali ya halmashauri ya mji wa Kahama mkoani Shinyanga. Akikabidhi fedha hizo kwa wahanga hao, Lowassa alisema ametoa fedha hizo kama msaada ili ziwasaidie kwa matibabu kwa muda wote watakapokuwa hospitalini hapo, ambapo kila mmoja amepatiwa shilingi laki tano. Mmoja wa wahanga hao, Joseph Burule alisema kitendo cha Lowassa kuwatembelea hospitalini hapo kimewapa faraja kubwa, kwani tangu waokolewe na kuanza kupatiwa matibabu hakuna kiongozi mkubwa aliyefika kuwajulia hali pamoja na kuwapa pole. Burule alisema kitendo hicho kinatakiwa kuwa mfano wa kuigwa kwa viongozi pindi linapotokea jambo la kusikitisha kama hilo, na kusema kuwa fedha hizo zitawasaidia kujikimu hospitalini hapo. Kwa upande wake Mbunge wa viti maalumu Mkoa wa Shinyanga kupitia CHADEMA Salome Makamba aliwaambia wananchi waliojitoza kumsabahi Lowassa kuwa, Lowassa amekuja kuwapa pole wahanga hao na hakuja kwa masuala ya kisiasa. Novemba 15, 2015 wahanga 5 kati ya 6 waliofukiwa na kifusi katika machimbo ya nyangalata wilayani kahama waliokolewa wakiwa hai baada ya kukaa ndani ya mashimo kwa siku 41, ambapo juzi mmoja kati yao alifariki dunia. Ni hivi karibuni baada ya kuokolewa mmoja wa wahanga hao alikaririwa akimuulizia Lowassa kama alishinda urais wa  Tanzania kwenye uchaguzi na baada ya kuambiwa hakushinda alikosa raha.

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Mkurugenzi Mkazi wa Shirika la Maendeleo la Umoja wa Mataifa (UNDP), Awa Dabo akikata utepe kuzindua Kisima cha maji safi na salama katika kijiji cha Machali A wilayani Chamwino mkoa wa Dodoma mwishoni mwa juma lililopita. KIJIJI cha Manchali kilichopo wilaya ya Chamwino mkoani Dodoma, kimekabidhiwa mradi wa dola za Marekani 150,000 wenye lengo la kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi. Mradi huo ulikabidhiwa kijiji hicho na Mratibu wa mashirika ya Umoja wa mataifa nchini na Mwakilishi Mkazi wa Shirika la Maendeleo la Umoja wa Mataifa (UNDP) Bw. Alvaro Rodriguez. Mradi huo umelenga kusaidia jamii inayoishi katika kijiji hicho kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi. Mradi huo wa nishati ya jua umelenga kutatrua tatizo la nishati na kufanya matumizi bora ya ardhi na teknolojia ya maji.Mradi huo unasaidia familia 600. Kwa uzoefu wa Tanzania na maeneo mengine duniani, familia maskini ndizo zinazopigika vibaya na mabadiliko hayo na ndio haizna uwezo wa kukabiliana nayo. Kwa mradi huo wananchi wa Manchali wanatarajia kukabiliana vilivyo na mabadiliko ya Tabia nchi. Akizungumza katika kijiji hicho cha Manchali, Mkurugenzi Mkazi wa UNDP, Bi. Awa Dabo alisema kwamba ili kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi uwezeshaji wananchi kiuchumi ni muhimu sana ili kufanya familia kustawi. Kisima kilichozinduliwa na Mkurugenzi Mkazi wa Shirika la Maendeleo la Umoja wa Mataifa (UNDP), Awa Dabo.  “Athari za mabadiliko ya tabia nchi kwa  watu maskini ni kubwa na ndio wanaoathirika zaidi” alisema Mkurugenzi Mkazi UNDP Bi. Dabo. Aidha alisema kwamba anaishukuru serikali ya Tanzania kwa kuendelea kuhangaikia suluhu ya watu kukubali kuwapo kwa mabadiliko ya tabia nchi na kufanya juhudi ya kukabili hali hiyo. “Hii imo katika malengo ya maendeleo endelevu kwani malengo manne kati ya 17 yanahusiana na mabadiliko ya tabia nchi na kuhifadhi mazingira.kwa kutumia fedha kutoka kwa wadau wa maendeleo, UNDP imefanikiwa kusaidia wananchi wa kijiji cha Manchali kufanyia kazi maeneo kadha muhimu ili kufanya uragibishi kuhusu mabadiliko ya tabia nchi, kuongeza kasi ya upoandaji wa miti na matumizi ya nishati jadidifu.” alisema. Bi Dabo amesema kwamba mradi huo wa Manchali umekamilika ni mmoja wa mradi yenye mafanikio inayosimamiwa na UNDP. Aliwapongeza wananchi wa Manchali kwa ushiriki wao na  kuufanya mradi huo kuwa wakwao hali iliyosababisha kuwepo na  matunda yenye tija katika kijiji hicho.  “Sisi UNDP kutokana na mafanikio haya tunaangalia maeneo mengine ya kufanya mradi kama huu” alisema Bi Dabo. Mratibu Mkazi wa Mashirika ya Umoja wa Umoja wa Mataifa na Mwakilishi wa Shirika la Umoja waMataifa la Maendeleo (UNDP), Alvaro Rodriguez akizindua mradi wa kupunguza na kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya Tabianchi kwa kutumia nishati jadidifu ya jua (Mitigating Climate change in vulnerable communities of Dodoma region, Machali village, Chamwino District), kijijini humo. Naye Mratibu wa Mashirika ya Umoja wa Mataifa nchini Tanzania, Bw. Alvaro Rodriguez alisisitiza ushiriki wa wananchi katika kufaniukisha miradi na kusema kwamba mradi huo umefanikiwa kutoka na ushiriki wa wananchi na hasa kitendo chao cha kuufanya mradi huo kuwa mali yao. Aliongeza kwamba kitendo cha kufanya mradi wao na kuwa viongozi wa maendeleo yao wao wenyewe kumefanya mradi uwe na tija kubwa kwao.  “Mradi huu umeleta maendeleo makubwa kwa wananchi wa hapa kutokana na wao kuanza kutumia nishati jadidifu, watoto wanakwenda shule na maeneo yameanza kurejewa na misitu.” Mratibu huyo aliongeza kwamba mabadiliko ya tabia nchi ni ya kweli na wala si ya kuyafanyia mzaha, mashirika ya umoja wa mataifa na Umoja wenyewe wanatazama sana athari zake mbaya. Alisema kijiji cha Manchali kimefanikiwa katika kuanza kukabili mabadiliko ya tabianchi kwa kubadili mambo yanayowazunguka na kurejesha uoto wa asili na kuacha kuharibu mazingira huku shughuli za maendeleo zikichukua sura mpya yenye kujali mabadiliko ya tabia nchi. Bango la mradi uliozinduliwa na Bw. Alvaro Rodriguez. Kutoka kushoto ni Mwakilishi Msaidizi wa Shirika la UNFPA, Dk. Hashina Begum, Mkurugenzi Mkazi wa Shirika la Maendeleo la Umoja wa Mataifa (UNDP), Awa Dabo, Mratibu Mkazi wa Mashirika ya Umoja wa Umoja wa Mataifa na Mwakilishi wa Shirika la Umoja waMataifa la Maendeleo (UNDP), Alvaro Rodriguez katika picha ya pamoja na viongozi wa kijiji wakiwakilisha wananchi ambao watanufaika na mradi huo. Kutoka kushoto ni Mkurugenzi Mkazi wa Shirika la Maendeleo la Umoja wa Mataifa (UNDP), Awa Dabo, Mratibu Mkazi wa Mashirika ya Umoja wa Umoja wa Mataifa na Mwakilishi wa Shirika la Umoja waMataifa la Maendeleo (UNDP), Alvaro Rodriguez pamoja na Mwakilishi Msaidizi wa Shirika la UNFPA, Dk. Hashina Begum katika picha ya pamoja.

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Wabunge wa mkoa wa Dodoma wamejipanga kuwasilisha hoja binafsi bungeni ya kuitaka serikali kuhamia mkoani humo na utungwaji wa sheria ya kuutambua rasmi kuwa ni makao makuu ya nchi, kutokana na utekelezwaji wake kusuasua. Wabunge hao walisema hayo mwishoni  mwa wiki katika kikao chao cha pamoja na Mamlaka ya Ustawishaji Makao Makuu Dodoma (CDA), ambacho lengo lake lilikuwa kujenga hoja za pamoja katika kuishawishi serikali kuhamia mkaoni hapa. Kikao hicho kiliongozwa na Mwenyekiti wa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) Mkoa wa Dodoma, Adam Kimbisa na wabunge hao waliazimia kushirikiana ili suala hilo likubalike na kutekelezwa. Mbunge wa Dodoma Mjini, Anthony Mavunde (CCM), alisema pamoja na jitihada hizo ni vyema CDA ikajiangalia upya katika utekelezaji wa majukumu yake ili kusiwapo na msuguano na wananchi. Aliitaka CDA kuangalia upya gharama za upimaji wa viwanja ambazo asilimia kubwa ya wananchi wa kipato cha chini wanashindwa kuzimudu. “Kama kuna maeneo ya kurekebisha, yarekebishwe sasa ili kuendana na kasi ya kuitaka serikali ihamie Dodoma ikiwa ni pamoja na gharama hizo kupunguzwa. Gharama ya chini ya upimaji kiwanja kwa sasa inaanzia Sh. 500,000 kiasi ambacho wanashindwa kukimudu. Naye Mbunge wa Kibakwe, George Simbachawene (CCM), alisema mpango wa serikali kuhamia Dodoma upo, lakini umekuwa ukisuasua, hivyo inatakiwa nguvu mpya ya kulisukuma jambo hilo ili litekelezwe. “Kwa muda mfupi iangaliwe namna CDA na Manispaa ya Dodoma zinavyoweza kushirikiana katika majukumu yao kutokana na kuwapo kwa mgongano wa kisheria juu ya uundwaji wa mamlaka hiyo na manispaa,” alisema. Simbachawene aliitaka mamlaka hiyo kufanya kazi kwa karibu na wanasiasa ili kurahisisha ufikishaji wa elimu kwa wananchi na kuondoa malalamiko. “CDA imefanya kazi katika mazingira magumu, lakini imesaidia Dodoma kuonekana mji wa tofauti kwani umepangika vizuri sana, kuna vitu vichache vya kurekebisha ili isionekane kama ni shetani (kero) kwa wananchi wa Dodoma,” alisema Simbachawene. Naye Mbunge wa Kondoa Vijijini, Dk. Ashatu Kijaji (CCM), alisema yupo tayari kushirikiana nje na ndani ya Bunge ili Dodoma ifikie matarajio yake. Mbunge wa Viti Maalum (CCM), Felista Burra, alisema suala la serikali kuhamia Dodoma limekuwa likiwekewa mikakati, lakini limekuwa likikosa watu wenye dhamira ya dhati kulisukuma ili litekelezwe. Alisema mchakato huo umekuwa ukikwamishwa na serikali, lakini anaamini hoja hiyo ikiwasilishwa bungeni wabunge wengi watasaidia utekelezaji wake ukamilike. Kwa upande wake, Kimbisa alisema viongozi wa Dodoma wamekuwa wakilaumiwa na wananchi kwa kushindwa kuibana serikali ihamie mkoani hapa. Alisema kilio cha watu wa Dodoma ni kuona inakuwa makao makuu ya nchi kama ilivyokwisha tangazwa na serikali.   “Wabunge mnategemewa sana kufanikisha jambo hili, kwani ndiyo mliopewa dhamana, maana hakuna mtu nje ya Bunge atakayeweza kufanikisha,” alisema Kimbisa.

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Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) visiwani Zanzibar, kimedai kuwa na ushahidi mzito, kuhusu namna Uchaguzi Mkuu ulivyoharibiwa kabla ya Tume ya Uchaguzi Zanzibar (Zec) kufuta matokeo ya uchaguzi huo. Katibu wa Itikadi na Uenezi wa CCM (Zanzibar), Waride Bakar Jabu, alipozungumzia mgogoro wa Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Zanzibar jana, akidai wamekusanya taarifa na ushahidi wa kutosha kuhusu mbinu zilizofanyika kuharibu uchaguzi na kusababisha hasara kwa serikali. Waride alitahadharisdha kwamba, iwapo Zec itaendelea kusuasua kuanika uhalisia wa uchaguzi ulivyofanyika, CCM itaingilia kati kwa kuweka mambo hadharani ili wananchi wafahamu ukweli wake. “CCM tuna ushahidi wa kutosha jinsi uchaguzi ulivyovurugwa na wapizani wetu, lakini Mungu hakuwa pamoja na wao,” alisema Msemaji huyo wa CCM Zanzibar. Aidha, Waride alisema kuwa kimsingi CCM inaunga mkono uamuzi wa Zec wa kufuta matokeo na kutangaza kurudiwa kwa Uchaguzi Mkuu. Alisema kwamba inasikitisha kuona Zec imeshindwa kutangaza tarehe ya kurudiwa kwa uchaguzi kwa wakati na kuwapa wakati mgumu wananchi ambao wanahitaji kufahamu lini watapata haki ya kuchagua viongozi wao akiwamo Rais wa Zanzibar. Waride alisema kuwa wananchi wanatakiwa kutagaziwa tarehe ya kufanyika Uhaguzi Mkuu mapema ili wapate nafasi ya kujitayarisha na kujipanga kabla ya kufanyika kwa uchaguzi huo. Aliongeza kuwa wananchi wamekuwa wakifuatilia kwa karibu tarehe ya kufanyika kwa uchaguzi wa marudio bila kupata majibu tangu Zec kufuta matokeo ya Uchaguzi Mkuu Oktoba 28, mwaka huu. Pia aliongeza kuwa CCM inaendelea kujipanga na uchaguzi wa marudio, pamoja na kuwashukuru wanachama wake na wananchi walivyojitokeza katika uchaguzi wa Oktoba 25, mwaka huu kabla ya matokeo ya uchaguzi huo kufutwa na Mwenyekiti wa Zec, Jecha Salim Jecha, Visiwani Zanzibar. Jecha alitangaza kufutwa kwa matokeo ya uchaguzi mkuu huo kwa madai ya kubaini makosa tisa yalifanyika kwenye uchaguzi huo, ikiwamo idadi ya kura kuongezeka kuliko idadi ya wapigakura waliosajiliwa katika Daftari la Kudumu la Wapigakura katika vituo mbalimbali vya uchaguzi.

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Jaji wa Mahakama Kuu Kanda ya Mwanza, Lameck Mlacha, ametupilia mbali mapingamizi yaliyowekwa na RPC wa Mwanza na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Serikali dhidi ya kesi iliyofunguliwa jana na familia ya Marehemu Alphonce mawazo kuomba tafsri ya mahakama baada ya jeshi la polisi mkoani Mwanza kupiga marufuku mikusanyiko ya kuuaga mwili wa marehemu.    Katika mapingamizi hayo, mwanasheria mkuu wa serikali  alidai kuwa mleta maombi ambae ni Baba mdogo wa Mawazo hana uhalali wa kisheria wa kuleta maombi hayo mahakamani  kwa kuwa yeye si baba mzazi wa marehemu, na kuwa hajaleta hoja za kubishaniwa kwenye maombi hayo.   Upande wa utetezi unaoongozwa na mawakili John Mallya, James Millya na Paul Kipeja ulijibu hoja hizo kuwa katika hatua hiyo masuala ya kubishaniwa hayana sababu ya kuletwa kwa kuwa ni hatua ya awali sana. Kuhusu uhalali wa kisheria wa baba mdogo wa marehemu, majibu yalikuwa kwamba baba mdogo kwa kuwa ndiye aliemlea Marehemu Mawazo, anayo mamlaka na uhalali wa kisheria wa kuleta maombi hayo. Mahakama imekubaliana na hoja za mawakili wa mleta maombi na kuamua kuruhusu kesi ya msingi kufunguliwa kama ilivyoombwa, na kutupilia mbali mapingamizi ya RPC na mwanasheria mkuu. Upande wa wapeleka maombi utawasilisha maombi ya kesi ya msingi leo hii mchana, kisha utasubiri maelekezo ya Mahakama kuwa kesi hiyo itaanza kusikilizwa lini kisha uamuzi wa kesi hiyo. Alphonce Mawazo  alikuwa ni mwenyekiti wa chadema mkoani Geita kabla ya kuuawa kikatili kwa kukatwa mapanga na mashoka na watu wasiojulikana Novemba 14 mwaka huu katika kijiji cha katoro wilayani Geita

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